Caramel features a subtle, unspoken same-sex attraction for one of its main characters, Rima. This portrayal is handled with dignity and sensitivity, avoiding negative stereotypes or explicit judgment. However, it remains a minor, understated subplot within the film's broader narrative, resulting in a neutral overall impact on LGBTQ+ themes.

The film portrays Christian characters with respect, nuance, and depth, showing their individual struggles and relationships within a Christian Lebanese cultural context. Their faith is part of their background, but the narrative focuses on their human experiences without critique or affirmation of the religion itself.

The film portrays the societal pressure on Muslim women regarding virginity before marriage through Nisrine's storyline. Her anxiety and decision to undergo hymen repair surgery highlight the oppressive nature of this specific cultural and religious expectation, with the narrative offering no counterbalancing positive portrayal of this aspect.