Dedh Ishqiya features a central lesbian romance between Begum Para and Muniya, depicted with dignity, complexity, and agency. Their relationship drives the plot, culminating in a powerful, affirming elopement that validates their love and freedom.

Dedh Ishqiya features a significant plot twist where Begum Para's female companion, Muniya, is revealed to be her male lover in disguise. This relationship, involving gender non-conformity for plot purposes, is portrayed with dignity and agency. The film affirms their love and desire for freedom, culminating in their successful elopement without ridicule or negative judgment.

The film portrays a rich cultural milieu deeply intertwined with Islamic heritage, such as Urdu poetry and Awadhi etiquette, with respect and nuance. While characters exhibit moral ambiguity and engage in deceit, their flaws are presented as individual human failings rather than a critique of Islam itself. The narrative celebrates the aesthetic and linguistic aspects of this culture without condemning the underlying faith.