Atlanta includes minor and incidental portrayals of LGBTQ+ characters and themes, most notably through Van's brief relationship with a woman in Season 3. These depictions are generally observational, integrated into the show's broader exploration of identity and culture without being central or carrying a strong positive or negative message regarding queer identity itself.

Atlanta features a trans woman character, Shanice, in a significant episode. She is portrayed with dignity and complexity, engaging in philosophical discussions. The show treats her identity respectfully, avoiding stereotypes or mockery. Her presence is integral to the episode's narrative, but her trans identity is not the central theme, resulting in a neutral overall portrayal.

The show frequently portrays Christianity through characters who are hypocritical, abusive, or use faith for manipulation and personal gain. The narrative often satirizes performative piety and institutional failings, highlighting problematic interpretations and applications of the religion rather than affirming its virtues.