Black Lightning features Anissa Pierce, a prominent lesbian superhero, whose relationships, particularly with Grace Choi, are central to her character arc. The show depicts their queer identities and relationship with dignity, complexity, and agency, culminating in marriage and portraying them as strong, heroic figures.

The show features multiple female characters who engage in and win direct physical combat against male opponents. Syonide, a non-superpowered character, demonstrates superior martial arts and weapon skills. Anissa Pierce, with her enhanced physical abilities, also consistently defeats male adversaries in close-quarters fights.

The series consistently portrays Christianity, particularly through the Pierce family and Reverend Holt, as a source of moral guidance, community strength, and a catalyst for social justice. The faith is depicted as a positive and affirming force in the lives of its adherents and the broader community.