The Last Kingdom features a strong, subtextually queer bond between Aethelflaed and Aldhelm, depicted with dignity and importance. However, as their relationship is never explicitly labeled as LGBTQ+, it neither explicitly affirms nor denigrates queer identity, resulting in a neutral overall impact.

The show features several female characters who are skilled warriors. Brida, Hild, and Stiorra are frequently depicted engaging in direct physical combat using melee weapons, where they successfully defeat multiple male opponents in various battles and skirmishes throughout the series.

The show portrays Christianity as a complex but ultimately affirming force for Anglo-Saxon identity, unity, and the preservation of culture. While it depicts hypocrisy and flaws within Christian institutions and individuals, it also highlights virtues like faith, learning, and perseverance, particularly through respected figures like King Alfred. The narrative often critiques Christian intolerance towards pagans, framing such bigotry as a character flaw rather than an indictment of the faith itself.