Treme features LGBTQ+ characters, most notably Sofia Batiste, whose exploration of her sexuality is depicted with dignity and realism. While not central to the show's primary themes, these portrayals are integrated respectfully into the diverse tapestry of post-Katrina New Orleans. The show avoids harmful stereotypes, neither strongly uplifting nor denigrating queer identity, resulting in a neutral overall impact.

Treme features Ladonna, a trans woman whose complex relationship with D.J. Davis and struggles as a sex worker are depicted with empathy. While her story includes violence and a tragic end, the show frames these as external societal issues, maintaining a respectful stance and affirming the worth of her life despite its difficulties.

Treme portrays Christianity, particularly Catholicism, as a vital source of community, resilience, and spiritual solace in post-Katrina New Orleans. The narrative respectfully depicts its role in cultural traditions, funerals, and characters' personal struggles, highlighting its affirming presence.