Tehran features a gay character, Peyman, whose secret relationship and identity are central to his tragic arc in Season 2. The show portrays the severe dangers faced by LGBTQ+ individuals in Iran with empathy, framing the obstacles and ultimate demise as consequences of external, oppressive forces and manipulation. While ending tragically, the depiction implicitly affirms the worth of his life and love by highlighting the injustice of his situation.

The film consistently portrays the Iranian Islamic regime and its institutions, such as the IRGC, as oppressive, cruel, and hypocritical. The narrative highlights the severe restrictions and violence enforced under the guise of religious law, without offering significant counterbalancing positive portrayals of the faith's institutional aspects.

The film humanizes its Israeli characters, including the protagonist, portraying them with complexity and dedication in a high-stakes geopolitical conflict. The narrative does not condemn Judaism as a faith but rather focuses on the actions and motivations of individuals.